Francisco Bouligny memorandum, 1776 September 1. - Francisco Bouligny memorandum, 1776 September 1.

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Title
Francisco Bouligny memorandum, 1776 September 1.
Creator
Bouligny, Francisco, 1736-1800.
Contributor
Kuntz, Felix Herwig, 1890-1971.
Spain. Sovereign (1759-1788 : Charles III)
Biographical Information
Francisco Bouligny (full name: Francisco Domingo Joseph Bouligny) was a soldier and administrator of Spain and Louisiana. He was born in Alicante, Spain to Juan Bouligny and María Paret. He married Marie Louise Le Sénéchal d'Auberville (1750-1834), the daughter of Vincent Guillaume Le Sénéchal d'Auberville. Their children were Marie Louise Joséphine (born 1771), Dominique (q.v.), Rémy (1774-1776), Louis (q.v.), and Céleste (1784-1787). In August 1776, he submitted to the Spanish government a lengthy Memoria describing the natural resources, population, and exposed position of the colony of Louisiana, and making recommendations for remedial action. This led to his appointment as lieutenant-governor of Louisiana in charge of new settlements, commerce, and Indian relations, a position he held from November 1776 to 1780.</br></br>Felix Herwig Kuntz (1890-1971) was the son of Rosemonde Elizabeth and Emile Kuntz and the brother of Emile N. Kuntz. He was an avid collector of documents, paintings and furniture during and after the Great Depression. The documents in this collection were items that Kuntz collected for his own personal interest.
Date Created
1776-09-01
Subject
Colonial administrators--Louisiana--New Orleans--History--18th century
Spanish--Louisiana--History--18th century
African Americans--Legal status, laws, etc--Louisiana
Free African Americans--Louisiana
African American women--Louisiana
Creoles--Louisiana
Slaves--Louisiana--Social conditions--18th century
Concubinage--Louisiana
Fugitive slaves--Louisiana
Location
Louisiana
Occupation
Heirs
Executives
Financiers
Collectors
Description
Memorandum regarding the instructions for the Governor-General of Louisiana, presented to Charles III at La Granja on the 1st of September 1776. Incomplete, unsigned copy, [written in the hand of Francisco Bouligny]. Captain Francisco Bouligny, then on official leave in Spain, discusses the depressed state of the economy in the Province of Louisiana, where he had served in His Majesty's army since 1769. He also made suggestions for improving the situation and for defending the colony against the threats of the English. The third section relates to reforms and improvements. Labor control was an important concern, for "the happiness of all the inhabitants depends upon the exact discipline that is imposed upon the Negroes," the document stated. The Governor was to prohibit public dances of enslaved persons and to capture and punish fugitives. He was to admonish masters to not treat their slaves with excessive severity, and those who persisted in acting in an inhumane manner were to be banished from the Province and their slaves sold. He was to ship out of the colony those free mulatto women who lived in public concubinage. He was to encourage the marriage of enslaved persons by Catholic ritual. In Spanish with English translation.
Type of Resource
text
Size
1 memorandum.
Language
Spanish
Source
Louisiana Research Collection, Howard-Tilton Memorial Library, Tulane University, New Orleans, La., http://larc.tulane.edu/
Digital Collection
Revealing an Unknown Past: Free People of Color in Louisiana and the Lower Mississippi Valley
Repository Collection
Rosemonde E. and Emile Kuntz Collection, Manuscripts Collection 600, Louisiana Research Collection, Tulane University.
Shelf Location
Manuscripts Number 600, Box 3, Folder 64
Contact Information
To inquire about ordering copies of these images, email larc@tulane.edu.
Rights
Physical rights are retained by the Louisiana Research Collection. Copyright of the original material is retained in accordance with U.S. copyright laws. Permission to reproduce this image must be requested through the repository that holds the original.
Preferred Citation
Rosemonde E. and Emile Kuntz Collection, Manuscripts Number 600, Louisiana Research Collection, Howard-Tilton Memorial Library, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118.
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